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It is an proxy is also referred to a proxy server is software that sits in the middle between client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a client would make a request the resource directly to the server and it would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. Although this method is easy to understand and implement but adding proxies offers advantages such as greater performance, privacy, security, and more. In addition to being able to pass between, it acts as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




The general consensus is this: the mix of hardware for servers with installed proxy software is often called proxy servers. This article we'll focus on proxies typically described as software as well as those used to work in conjunction with web servers. This article will present the full description of two types of proxy: that is one that is a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each type is unique in its use that is frequently confused due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide some understanding about what proxies are and what subtypes they have, and what ways they can be useful in common configurations. After reading this article you'll be able determine the situations that a proxy could be advantageous, and choose the most appropriate forward proxy or reverse proxy for a particular scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also referred to as open proxy. An open proxy is the representative of a customer that is trying to route a request through the internet to an origin server. In this scenario, it's the case that all requests from the client will be directed via the forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy, in lieu of the client, will review the request. It will first will determine if the client is permitted to transmit requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then decide whether to refuse the request or send it back to its origin server. It's not able connect directly to the internet. It can only access what the forward proxy allows the forward proxy to connect.




The most common use for forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security online. A forward proxy connects to the internet as an individual client, and during this manner, it may make use of a different IP address comparison to the original IP address used by the client.




Based on the way it was established in the past forward proxy servers could provide a range of options, allowing you to:




Stay clear of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Establish restrictions based on the location of residence.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide central security and permit-based access, for example, at work. If all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy layer an administrator can grant only a few clients access to the internet, which is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which can include multiple machines that have different environments and users, the firewall can be placed at the layer which forwards proxy traffic.




Remember that forward proxies have to be set up manually for use, whereas reverse proxy can be disregarded by clients. Depending on whether an IP address is transmitted to the origin server through the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity may get granted, or even made more transparent.




There are a myriad of possibilities to consider for forward proxies:




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes an HTTP protocol. It does not include an entire web server. Check out our guide on the best method of setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it more suitable for scenarios like peer-to-peer communication. You might also want to learn how to set up the Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a representation of a web server which manages requests from customers on behalf of. The web server may represent one or more servers. Additionally, it could be an application server, like Gunicorn. In any of these cases, it is possible to receive a request from a client through the internet in general. Most of the time, the request will be sent directly to the server, along with the information the user is looking for. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary and isolates your website server from any interaction with the internet.




From a user's point of view from the perspective of a customer using a reverse proxy is not different from communicating directly with the webserver in direct communication. It's basically the same, and the client cannot discern the difference. The client requests a resource which is followed by receiving it, without any additional configurations required for the end-user.




Reverse proxy proxies can provide features, like:




Secured centrally to protect Web Server Layer.


The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you can set up.


Additional functions to cache data.




Although central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy solutions, reverse proxy provides this benefit only to the server layer, not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls in the layer of web servers which may include multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered at the layer of reverse proxy. In addition, the removal of the requirement of working with firewalls as well as communicating with requests from clients far from web servers allows firewalls to focus on meeting the needs of their customers.




If there are several servers connected to a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also in charge of the way requests are handled to the server. Multiple web servers may be running from the exact same computer, providing different types of resources, or a mix of the two. They can be using the HTTP protocol in the same way as a traditional web server. They may also include protocols for applications such as FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to direct users to specific servers based on the kind of resource they're searching for, or comply with certain rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can profit from their placement before web servers by delivering the ability to cache. Large static assets can be set up using caching guidelines to avoid hitting web servers on each request, with certain services giving the option to directly serve static assets without having to connect to the internet server at all. In addition reverse proxy can handle the compression of these assets.




The famous Nginx web server also functions as an acknowledged reverse proxy feature. You can also use Nginx, the Apache web server is also equipped with a reverse proxy feature, it's a separate feature available only for Apache and Nginx was initially designed for and specifically designed for reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward and reverse proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality and false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic. The labels are confusing because both types of proxies are able to handle requests as well as responses. An alternative method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies is to examine the requirements of the application that you are creating.




A reverse proxy could be beneficial in the development of a system to deliver web-based applications over the internet. They serve as your servers during any interaction with the internet.




Forward proxy can be beneficial when they are used before a client for your personal use or in the workplace. They represent your client traffic whenever you use the internet.




A distinction based on use case rather than focusing only on similar naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article provides the definition of a proxy, which includes two main kinds that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for application and an exploration of beneficial features was used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies then you can check out our tutorial on how you can set up Nginx as reverse and web server proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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