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"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" refers to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is software that acts in the middle between client and a server on the internet. Without a proxy, a user would send a request for any source straight to the server, and it would then serve the requested resource directly back towards the customer. It is easy to understand and implement. the addition of proxies offers advantages through improved security, performance, privacy and more. As a pass-through layer, proxy services act as a gatekeeper on the internet, separating servers and clients.




The general set of server hardware and installed proxy software is also commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software, as well as ones that work together with web servers. The article will offer details of the two main types of proxy servers, specifically the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own terminology that could be confusing because of the overlap in terminology.




This article will provide an understanding of proxy types and their subtypes are, as well as their value in the typical setups. After reading this article, you'll be able to discern the scenarios where a reliable proxy could be beneficial, and determine the most suitable choice between forward and reverse proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Also, a forward proxy sometimes known as or an open proxy is an agent of an individual user trying to send the request online an origin server. In this scenario, every request made by the client is sent through an forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy acting on behalf of the client will review the request. At first it will determine if clients are authorized send requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then either refuse requests or redirect them to their origin server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly It has access only to what the forward proxy allows for it to join.




The most common reason to utilize forward proxies is for more privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy uses the internet for an individual client and during this manner it can use an IP address distinct from the original IP of the client.




Depending on how it's been set up, a forward proxy can offer a range of capabilities, including the capability of:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems to offer central security and access granted on a permission basis, like at work. When all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer, administrators can restrict only a small number of users access to the internet, which is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer, which can be utilized by multiple computers with different configurations and users the firewall can be put in this forward proxy layer.




Remember the fact that forward proxy servers need to be manually setup before they can be used while reverse proxies could be not noticed by clients. Based on whether or not the IP address of the client is transferred to the server that is being used by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept secret.




There are a myriad of options to take into consideration when it comes to forward proxy options.




Apache The Apache is a well-known open source web server that provides forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open source forward proxy using an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the complete Web server platform. You can check out our guide on the best method of installing Squid proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy which runs the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer communication. You could also look into how to configure Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions to act as an agent of a web server. It takes care of incoming requests by clients on its behalf. The web server may function as a one server or a number of servers. It can also comprise an application server, like Gunicorn. In any of these situations, a request could come from a user on the internet at large. Typically, the request will be sent directly to the server on the internet that has the information the user is seeking. In contrast, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, separating the server from direct contact with the internet's open.




From the perspective of the client, interfacing via reverse proxy doesn't differ from interacting via direct connection to an internet server. It's the same, however clients aren't able to tell the difference. The client requests the resource, and is then provided with it, without any further configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




Security centralized to web server.


The direction of traffic coming in is according to rules that you can set up.


Additional functionality for caching.




Although central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy, reverse proxies add this feature to that layer of the webserver, and not to the client layer. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls at the server level which could comprise several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be directed at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the burden of interacting with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients off web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on providing services.




In the case of multiple servers running through a reverse proxy the reverse proxy may also be responsible for directing what requests go towards which servers. Multiple web servers could be running on the same server, serving different kinds of services or a combination of both. These servers utilize their HTTP protocol to perform the role of a normal web server. However, they can be equipped with other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to direct clients to specific servers in accordance with the resource being requested, or to adhere to certain guidelines regarding the amount of traffic.




Reverse proxies can also be able to take advantage of their positioning before web servers through caching features. Large static assets can be set up with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers every request, with some solutions allowing you to serve static content directly, without having to connect to the website server at all. Furthermore reverse proxy can be capable of compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can also function as an effective reverse proxy option. Although Apache is also an alternative to reverse proxy and it is not the only one. Apache webserver also comes with reverse proxy functions, which is an additional option for Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Situations



Because "forward" or "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality, and false connections with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing, because both types of proxies can manage both requests and responses. The best method to distinguish between both forward and reverse proxy is to take into account the requirements of the application that you're developing.




A reverse proxy could be beneficial when you're developing an option to host websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers in all interactions on the Internet.




A forward proxy is useful when presented to customers for your own usage or in a corporate setting. They act as a representative of your customers in all interactions via the internet.




Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the similar naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article will explain what is a "proxy" is and the two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for its use and an exploration of advantageous features were used to distinguish the two types of proxy both reverse and forward. If you're looking for ways to make proxies work, check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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